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They were unlikely comrades-in-arms. One was a self-taught, middle-aged Virginia planter in charge of a ragtag army of revolutionaries, the other a rich, glory-seeking teenage French aristocrat. But the childless Washington and the orphaned Lafayette forged a bond between them as strong as any between father and son. It was an unbreakable trust that saw them through betrayals, shifting political alliances, and the trials of war.
Lafayette came to America a rebellious youth whose defiance of his king made him a celebrity in France. His money and connections attracted the favor of the Continental Congress, which advised Washington to keep the exuberant Marquis from getting himself killed. But when the boy-general was wounded in his first battle, he became a hero of two countries. As the war ground on, Washington found in his young charge the makings of a courageous and talented commander whose loyalty, generosity, and eagerness to please his Commander in Chief made him one of the war’s most effective and inspired generals. Lafayette’s hounding of Cornwallis’s army was the perfect demonstration of Washington’s unconventional “bush-fighting” tactics, and led to the British surrender at Yorktown.
Their friendship continued throughout their lives. Lafayette inspired widespread French support for a struggling young America and personally influenced Washington’s antislavery views. Washington’s enduring example as general and statesman guided Lafayette during France’s own revolution years later.
Using personal letters and other key historical documents, Adopted Son offers a rare glimpse of the American Revolution through the friendship between Washington and Lafayette. It offers dramatic accounts of battles and intimate portraits of such major figures as Alexander Hamilton, Benedict Arnold, and Benjamin Franklin. The result is a remarkable, little-known epic of friendship, revolution, and the birth of a nation.
- Sales Rank: #730103 in Books
- Published on: 2007-01-30
- Released on: 2007-01-30
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.40" h x 1.40" w x 6.60" l,
- Binding: Hardcover
- 592 pages
From Publishers Weekly
Personal friends and political allies, George Washington and the Marquis de Lafayette had one of the most important friendships of the 18th century. In this enjoyable study, Clary (The Place Where Hell Bubbled Up: A History of the First National Park) argues that although each man was a hero of the American Revolution, it was their partnership that secured American victory. Both men were orphans, and their devotion to each other was motivated by a deep psychological bond. As the title suggests, Washington was something of a father figure to the younger Frenchman, and Lafayette gave the general "unwavering loyalty, truly filial devotion." But the mentoring was not wholly one-sided: Lafayette was committed to the abolition of slavery, and Clary suggests that it was because of Lafayette's influence that Washington chose to free his slaves on his wife's death. The chapters on Lafayette's role in the French Revolution and Washington's anguish over Lafayette's imprisonment make this book far broader than the usual 1776 account. Occasionally, Clary gives over to cutesy Frenchisms (about Lafayette being wounded at the Battle of Brandywine, he writes, "If this was martial glory, très bien"). Still, on the whole, Clary has satisfyingly woven together grand military history with an intimate portrait of deep affection. Illus. (Feb. 6)
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
From Booklist
In 1777 a wealthy 19-year-old nobleman from France presented his untested military services to the Continental army. Prudent as always, Washington tried the kid out as an aide before consenting to a command for Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de la Fayette. After proving his courage with a severe wounding at that year's Battle of Brandywine Creek, Lafayette was on his way to the military glory he sought, and the Americans had in him an advocate for French intervention against the British, which they sought. As Clary shows from the extensive correspondence that Washington and Lafayette conducted, their relationship deepened into an unabashedly paternal-filial one. His work's tone captures the sincere mutual solicitude that arose between the two, characterized by gratitude from Washington for Lafayette's personal loyalty, and by near idolization of Washington by Lafayette. Clary acquits himself well in narrating the military action of the major battles in which Lafayette commanded: Monmouth in 1778 and Yorktown in 1781. Portraying youth learning from experience, Clary's history will deservedly tap the readership for the War of Independence. Gilbert Taylor
Copyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved
Review
“Few stories in American history are more intriguing, or touching, than that of the bond that developed between General Washington and the Marquis d’Lafayette. With verve and charm, David Clary shows how the childless Washington, who felt betrayed by many of the men who surrounded him, and Lafayette, who never knew his father and lusted for glory and the chance to help the American cause, drew close in a loving and trusting relationship. With his engaging style, Clary succeeds in bringing to life Lafayette and Washington, and also in acquainting readers with America’s great and, at times seemingly forlorn, struggle for independence.”
—John Ferling, author of A Leap in the Dark: The Struggle to Create the American Republic
“As Clary shows from the extensive correspondence that Washington and Lafayette conducted, their relationship deepened into an unabashedly paternal-filial one.... Portraying youth learning from experience, Clary’s history will deservedly tap the readership of the War of Independence.” ––Booklist
"A beautifully crafted, insightful study of the deeply intertwined lives of Washington and Lafayette, two key figures in the transforming age of revolution." —Susan Dunn, author of Sister Revolutions: French Lightning, American Light
“A finely researched work on the sometimes awkward, often endearing, and ultimately historic relation between two great leaders.” —James MacGregor Burns, Pulitzer Prize-winning author of Roosevelt: Soldier of Freedom, and George Washington
"David Clary's Adopted Son is a fascinating account of the relationship between Washington who lacked a son and young Lafayette, who lacked a father. It was a warm, affectionate connection that was greatly satisfying to both men, one that significantly strengthened France's commitment to America during our War of Independence. This fine study deserves a wide readership." —Don Higginbotham
“A riveting history of a tumultuous time in America and France...I loved this book.”—Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison, author of American Heroines: The Spirited Women Who Shaped Our Country
"This is a remarkable book about two of the most remarkable men of the revolutionary era—indeed, of any era. At long last we have the full story of how the Father of Our Country and his French `adopted son,' the Marquis de Lafayette, joined hands across the Atlantic and on the battlefield, and together launched a new nation and a new age of democracy around the world."—Arthur Herman, author of How the Scots Invented the Modern World
“Personal friends and political allies, George Washington and the Marquis de Lafayette had one of the most important friendships of the 18th century. In this enjoyable study, Clary.... [has] woven together grand military history with an intimate portrait of deep affection."—Publishers Weekly
Most helpful customer reviews
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
A Very Long-Winded Take on an Interesting Relationship
By kahemingway
After reading another book about Lafayette, and having previously been interested in his relationship with George Washington, I decided this looked like something that I would enjoy reading. While I learned a lot from the book and there were many memorable moments, the book also has certain drawbacks.
The book actually starts off by depicting the scene between Washington and Lafayette after the battle of Monmouth, in which the pair sat on top of Washington's cloak and fell asleep side by side. From there, it details first Washington's then Lafayette's early lives before they met in 1777 and documents the many parts both men played in the American Revolution. After the war is over, the book mainly focuses on Lafayette's various political and diplomatic escapades in France. It includes some information about Lafayette's return to America in 1824 for the fiftieth anniversary of the American Revolution before finally wrapping up with his death in 1834.
I'll start with the good parts about this book. There is a plethora of information about both George Washington and Lafayette in terms of their roles in the American Revolution and what happened to them after it was all over. The portrayal of the genuinely affectionate relationship between these two orphans from different backgrounds is touching and it makes these two great men seem more human. The book also comes with a number of illustrations and pictures of the people the book is discussing. It was a nice addition that gave a few visuals to a book full of names, dates and places. I certainly learned a lot not just about Washington and Lafayette, but many other players in the American Revolution as well.
On the downside, however, this book is mired down with far too many details. I would have liked this book more if it had focused more on just the relationship between Lafayette and Washington, as it had a tendency to deviate from the pair in question as more and more people were introduced. In addition, it takes a few chapters before you get to the point where Lafayette and Washington actually meet and interact with each other, which was the reason I wanted to read this book in the first place. In short, I think some of the content could have been trimmed down and the book would have been better for it.
That being said, this is a very informative book. I did learn a lot of things I didn't know about the two of them by reading it and I would recommend it to anyone who is interested in Washington and Lafayette's relationship. If you don't mind reading some wordy and dense material, it is likely you will enjoy this book as well.
36 of 38 people found the following review helpful.
Absolutely Must Reading for All American History Buffs...
By Dr. Jonathan Dolhenty
This new century of ours has been blessed in these early years with a sudden deluge of excellent books dealing with America's founding years and with the characters involved in creating what can only be described as the "world's greatest and -- so far -- most successful experiment in Constitutional Democratic Republicanism." A few come readily to mind: Stacy Schieff's impressive "A Great Improvisation: Franklin, France, and the Birth of America"; Darren Staloff's very illuminating "Hamilton, Adams, Jefferson: The Politics of Enlightenment and The American Founding"; Walter Isaacson's intimate portrayal of probably the most fascinating founding father, "Benjamin Franklin: An American Life"; and, of course, David McCullough's recent study of George Washington and the early revolutionary-war days in his stirring "1776."
Now we can add to this list of excellent works another one: David A. Clary's new book, "Adopted Son: Washington, Lafayette, and the Friendship That Saved the Revolution." Clary documents (and, does he ever document!) the surprisingly intimate relationship between the "father" of our country, the commanding general of the Revolutionary War, with a heritage firmly in the English tradition, and the very young Marquis de Lafayette, a nineteen-year-old wealthy French aristocrat who comes to America, becomes a major general in the Continental Army, and a national hero in both America and in France.
Washington had no sons and Lafayette was an orphan; the confluence of these two situations led to a bond between the two men unheard of in the annals of the American Revolution. Furthermore, this bond of friendship, although frequently interrupted by periods when they were apart in both space and time, continued throughout their lives. The story is essentially a biography of two heroes set within the context of a country's struggle for political independence against the background of a long, exhausting, and almost lost war which was both unconventional and unique. Thanks to the author's narrative style, the story is never dull and is, in my opinion, as close to a "thriller" as any work of nonfiction can become.
One of the engaging features of Clary's book is the publication of many of the personal letters exchanged between Washington and Lafayette, as well as correspondence and conversations between some of the other characters who played an important part in this American drama, such as John Laurens and Alexander Hamilton. Some of the language of these letters will likely raise the eyebrows of the contemporary reader. For instance: Laurens, Hamilton, and Lafayette, says the author, "wrote gushy letters to each other. Hamilton routinely addressed Laurens as 'my dear' and vowed his 'love'." Then Clary goes on to explain: "Such language was usual in their time, the age of 'Sentiment.' Letter writing was almost a sport and flowery talk was the norm, especially for young fellows burning with passions for war and politics." Much of the correspondence between Washington and Lafayette also expresses this type of language.
Moreover, Clary evidently feels compelled to explain this phenomenon further. In footnote 46, he states this regarding the "flowery" language of the various correspondents: "Taking such language out of context, modern minds think it homosexual, a term coined in the 1890s. It was not a burning issue in the eighteenth century, as it is today, and it is a fallacy to apply the attitudes of the present to the context of the past." Clary is quite correct about this. I don't know whether the concern here, however, is the fact that our spoken and written language has become increasingly banal and less colorful, or whether it is an emotional problem associated with our current concepts regarding "manliness" and "proper" male behavior. Feminists, though, might take note that it apparently wasn't impossible for "manly" heroes in the 18th century to express their innermost feelings toward their male comrades and do so in "flowery" language. Maybe there's a message here or, in the long run, maybe it doesn't matter at all.
There is no question that General George Washington was exactly the right man in the right place for a task that many thought impossible. I suggest that the teenage Marquis de Lafayette was exactly the right youth in the right place for the right leader fighting for America's independence from England. According to ordinary standards, I suspect, they may be judged unlikely friends and comrades; which may tell us something about how our ordinary standards so often fail us. But now the tale of these two historical personalities and the intimate relationship between them has finally been told. The psychological interplay between the two men, the trust they had in each other, the experiences they shared together, this is the stuff that makes great biography. And Clary pulls it off handily. Not a dull moment in the telling.
This is not a book to merely read and enjoy. It is also a valuable research tool for the student of American history. Clary is to be commended for providing a wide variety of resources outside of the main text, which itself includes a Prologue, fifteen chapters, an "Envoi" and an Afterward. There are fifty-seven illustrations, seven maps, a "Cast of Characters" (running six pages, each entry having a short description regarding his or her significance within the story), sixty-five pages of extremely helpful notes, a "Chronology of Washington and Lafayette" (eleven pages) which runs from 1732 to 1834, a bibliography (nineteen pages) which includes archival and museum collections, published original sources, books and reports, periodicals, and dissertations and, finally, a comprehensive index of both major topics, sub-topics and details. What more could the student researcher ask for?
I now submit that David Clary's "Adopted Son" is "must-reading" for those interested in American history, which should, of course, include all American citizens; but I am, alas, a realist and acknowledge the minority status of this position. That being said, I highly recommend this book to all readers, even those who don't think they're interested in reading American history. This is the book that may change any reader's mind.
16 of 16 people found the following review helpful.
Beautifully written, thoroughly researched
By M. L Lamendola
This beautifully written book vies with the best novels of our time for the ability to engross a reader. It's one of the best examples of writing I've ever seen. Most authors are either good with style or good with the mechanics, but Clary is clearly a master of both.
The unusually high quality of the writing led me to think perhaps he was weak on fact. That's not the case, though, as you can see after reading through the nearly 20 pages of biography and nearly 100 pages of backnotes. The detailed chronology also shows the writer's devotion to getting his facts right.
And the facts he dug up are amazing. Far from a dry recitation of events, Clary's narrative delves deeply inside the minds of Lafayette and Washington. We see not just what made them great historical figures, but what made them human. Gone are the stereotypes and cardboard characters often presented in historical accounts. This book doesn't follow the "good guys vs. bad guys" formula. It shows the complex interaction of these men with each other and with others. It also shows their failings, insecurities, and weaknesses.
In an age where authors typically have a personal agenda and cherry pick facts to fit it, Clary's work stands out. His only agenda is to help us understand two great historical figures through an undistorted lens.
Clary's nimble use of excerpts from personal letters gives the kind of insight that historical texts should provide, but seldom do. He also provides explanation where needed. For example, letters of that time used saccharin language that we don't use today. It would be easy to misconstrue what's actually being conveyed, but Clary provides enough background so the reader doesn't get confused.
The riveting account of Lafayette's wife Adrienne's efforts in France during and after the French Revolution was nail-biting material in itself, but Clary wove that into the larger narrative. She profoundly changed Lafayette, and we see this not through a disinterested historical narrator but through Lafayette's own eyes.
Personally, I've always enjoyed the subject of history. Consequently, I consider myself knowledgeable in the subject. When I saw the cover of this book, I thought, "Well, yeah, I've heard of Lafayette. There are many American cities named after him and he did something in the American Revolution. But he was a friend of Washington's? Nah, that must be hyperbole." The idea of reading this book intrigued me, because I thought the author must be making some obscure connection and I wanted to see what his leap of logic was. As it turns out, my historical education was lacking. Especially about Washington and Lafayette.
I'm going to offer the excuse that the available information sources tend to frustrate the casual student of history. Figuring out what went on in a given period or with a given historical figure has often been a choice between suffering through boring academic tomes (with their passive voice and other distractions) and a decently-written book with errors of fact. Occasionally, I've come across a book that's readable and accurate, making it a good historical book . But this book is way beyond merely "good."
If we start seeing Adopted Son in our public schools, kids will want to know more about history instead of considering study of the subject on par with getting teeth pulled. But instead of memorizing dates of battles and events in the American Revolution, they'll understand two key people behind those battles and events. And maybe they'll want to study other historical periods. If this way of studying history catches on, we may yet have hope that we will learn from history instead of being doomed to repeat it.
In the same way James Michener taught us about Hawaii and Texas with his page turners, so Clary has given us a "can't put it down" way to learn about Washington, Lafayette, the American Revolution, and the French Revolution.
Clary has just raised the bar for today's nonfiction authors. If authors of history books rise to the challenge, they will unleash a new genre that will capture popular attention for generations to come.
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